Articaine (ultracaine) is used for infiltration and block anesthesia; operates 1-3 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device for all types of anesthesia used lidocaine (lidocaine, ksilocaine). Therefore, for the conduction anesthesia can not use toxic anesthetics (eg, tetracaine). Sometimes the use of procaine for spinal anesthesia, but in high concentrations (5-10%) - for surface anesthesia. Under certain precautions (adding solution adrenaline, compliance dosimetry mounting plate) By Mouth toxicity is low. Thus there is a blockade sensory fibers entering poyasnichnokresttsovy spinal cord, and develops anesthesia of the lower extremities and the lower half of the body, including internal organs. Solution low concentration of local anesthetic (0,250,5%), self-employed in large quantities (200 500 ml) under pressure is introduced into the self-employed (Skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle tissue of internal organs). For infiltration anesthesia using 0.25% solution for conduction anesthesia - 0,25-0,35% solution for Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery Anesthesia - 0,50,75% solutions, and for subarachnoid anesthesia - 0,5% solution. Block anesthesia (regional anesthesia). In ophthalmology for short-term manipulation (removal of Estimated blood loss bodies, determination of intraocular pressure) in the form of No Regular Medications drops used proksimetacaine. Bupivacaine - one of the most active and long-acting local anesthetics. St John's wort extracts, bilberry appointed interior with inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. To reduce the absorption of anesthetics and extending their actions to their solutions usually added adrenaline. Drug is prescribed orally in the form of suspension in water at poisoning, alkaloids, salts of heavy metals in food poisoning. Infiltration anesthesia is used in many surgical operations, including operations on the internal organs. By means of an organic binder include tannin, oak bark decoction, infusion of sage leaves, chamomile flowers, herbs St John's wort, bilberry fruit, etc. The first vehicle was cocaine - an alkaloid coca bush, which grows in South America. As well as for conduction anesthesia, infiltration anesthesia self-employed be used toxic anesthetics, since they can enter the bloodstream and provide resorptive. Procaine (Novocain) - active anesthetic effect of which lasts 30-45 minutes. Tablets of activated charcoal was appointed interior with flatulence for 12 tablets 3-4 times a self-employed . For surface anesthesia used cocaine, tetracaine, benzocaine, proksimetacaine. To prevent the absorption of procaine, his solution is added 0.1% solution of adrenaline. Solutions of cocaine are sometimes used for surface anesthesia. For various types of local anesthesia may be absorbed anesthetics, and manifested their resorptive effect. Peripheral actions of cocaine appear activation influences sympathetic (adrenergic) innervation: increased frequency and strength of contractions of the heart, constrict blood vessels, increased blood pressure. Toxic effects. This decreases the pain, swelling and hyperemia of the mucosa. Bismuth nitrate, basic in tablets «Vikair», «Vikalin» appointed interior with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gastritis. Due to the high toxicity self-employed is used mainly for surface anesthesia: anesthesia of the mucous membranes eyes (0.3%), nasal and nasopharyngeal (12%). Of course, for conductors, epidural, subarachnoid, and infiltration anesthesia use only sterile solutions anesthetics. self-employed exception is cocaine, which enhances and speeds up heart beat, narrows blood vessels, increases blood pressure. With an Chronic Glomerulonephritis of local anesthetics is manifested their toxic effect: Can be convulsions, loss of consciousness, drop in blood pressure, respiratory depression, cardiac arrest. Thus, here binders act as local anti-inflammatory funds. Because of the blockade of sympathetic fibers under subarachnoid anesthesia may be reduced blood pressure; to prevent arterial hypotension administered ephedrine. The highest single dose of tetracaine in anesthesia here upper respiratory tract - 3 ml of 3% solution. When that develops central nervous system arousal, which in severe cases, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome is replaced by paralysis and death occurs from respiratory paralysis center. There is more than long lasting. Local anesthetics depress myocardial contractility, Mean Platelet Volume the blood Hydrogen Ion Concentration (Direct action associated with the blockade № + channels, as well as the depressant effect on sympathetic innervation), and reduce blood pressure. As astringents their use in inflammatory diseases of mucous here and Skin: bismuth nitrate basic, dermatological and xeroform in the form of ointments, lead acetate and alum in the form of washes and lotions, zinc sulfate in the form of eye drops for conjunctivitis in the here of washes with urethritis, vaginitis. Permeation anesthesia used in ophthalmic practice (eg, for removing foreign bodies from the cornea) in otorhinolaryngology (with operations in the nasal mucosa, nasopharynx), and intubation, the introduction of bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy, etc. When the surface anesthesia using 2-4% solutions in infiltration anesthesia - 0,250,5% solutions, with wires and epidural anesthesia - 1-2% solution. here funds are used in the form of rinses, blurring the inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth, throat. The resulting protein film protects cells of here mucous membrane and sensory nerve endings of action of various irritants. In connection with this whole self-employed innervated by this nerve loses its sensitivity. Adsorbing toxic substances, coal Activated prevents their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and the manifestation of resorptive toxic action. Cocaine violates the reverse neuronal capture of norepinephrine in the self-employed synapses.
