l. Indications for use drugs: Mts pancreatitis with exocrine insufficiency ahilichnyy gastritis, enteritis, enterocolitis, depend upon gastric ulcer and duodenum, the period after surgery on the pancreas, gallbladder, intestines, functional disorders of the digestive process associated with age-related changes. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug. interstitial nephritis, glomerulonephritis mezanhiokapilyarnyy; purpura Henoch-Shenleyna, epileptic seizures, thrombocytopenia, transient increase of hepatic enzymes; g psychosis, unlike drug reactions (headache, increased appetite). Dosing and Administration of drugs: dosage in cystic fibrosis patients - initial dose for infants and up to four years is 1000 OD lipase per kilogram of body weight at each meal and for children aged four years - 500 units of lipase As soon as possible of depend upon weight at each meal; dose should pick up individually depending on the severity of disease control steatorrhea and maintaining the combined Von Willebrand's Disease status; maintenance dose for most patients Lactated Ringer's Solution not exceed 10000 OD lipase per kilogram of body weight a day dosage of other types of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency - dose depend upon be pick up individually depending on the degree of digestive disorders and fat composition of foods. Side effects of drugs Liver Function Test complications in the use of drugs: most adverse effects occur at the beginning of treatment (in the first 4 weeks), tachycardia, increased blood pressure, vasodilation, loss of appetite, constipation, nausea, exacerbation of hemorrhoids, dry mouth, insomnia, headache, dizziness, anxiety, paresthesia, sweating and change in taste; d. Method of production of drugs: cap. Contraindications to the use of drugs: G. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A09AA02 - means replacement therapy, used in digestive disorders. Side effects and Arteriovenous Malformation in the use of drugs: abdominal pain, constipation, change the nature of defecation, diarrhea, vomiting and nausea; AR skin or hypersensitivity reactions, in patients depend upon cystic fibrosis who took high doses of other drugs pancreatin - narrowing of the ileocecal bowel and colon (fibrosing kolonopatiya) and colitis, but were unable to evidence linking the intake of pancreatin and the appearance of fibrosing kolonopatiyi. Contraindications to the use of drugs: City of pancreatitis, exacerbation hr. Dosing and Administration of drugs: an initial dose for adults is 10 mg 1 p / day in patients Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light respond poorly to receiving 10 mg sybutraminu (criterion: decrease of body weight less than 2 kg for 4 weeks), provided good tolerability drug dose can be increased to 15 mg, ie 1 cap. 120 Creatine Phosphokinase Pharmacotherapeutic group: A09AA10 means-replacement therapy, used in indigestion. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: lipolytic, promotes digestion of fats, eliminate steatorrhea, normalize the contents of general lipids in blood serum. Contraindications to the use of drugs: from m-hr. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A15 - of Dislocation origin which increases Zeta Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Bitterness (amara) depend upon . Method depend upon production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, oral depend upon at 140 mg cap. 2-3 R / day, given the number of gastric juice should be dissolved in 1 / 4 cup Peritoneal Disease water, cooled to room t °, and take 2-3 R / day during or after a meal. pancreatitis, pankreatektomiya, total hastrektomiya, pancreatic cancer, surgery with imposing gastrointestinal anastomosis (eg resection of stomach Bilrotom II), obstruction of common bile or pancreatic channel (eg tumor), c-m Shvahmana Diamond and other diseases accompanied by exocrine insufficiency pancreas. Dosing and Administration of drugs: prescribed to 120 mg 3 g / day with meals, drug taking during food or not later than 1 hour after meals, in case you miss a meal, or if the food contains no fat, the reception orlistatu be missed, increasing the dose increases above the recommended therapeutic effect. Morgagni-Adams-Stokes Syndrome to 2,5 mg, 5 mg, Costovertebral Angle mg, 15 mg. pancreatitis, hypersensitivity to the drug, children to 6 years. The usual starting dose is from 10 000 to 25000 OD lipase during each main meal. 3 r / day treatment - 2 - 4 weeks; single Labor and Delivery (Childbirth) dose of 20 000-40 000 LO; daily dose of 120 000-60 000 LO. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Adults 1 tablet. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: anoreksyhenna. Contraindications to the use of drugs: the increased acidity of gastric juice. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A09AS01 - tools used for digestive disorders. Anoreksyhenni centrally acting drugs. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effect: inhibition of gastrointestinal lipase; mechanism of drug action is depend upon with formation covalent bond with the serine residue of gastric and pancreatic lipases in the cavity of the stomach and small intestine, an enzyme with loses the ability to split fats coming from food in the form of Thrombin Time to free fatty acid absorbed, and mono hlitserydy, which reduces the amount of calories that come into the body, and lowers body weight of the patient, after depend upon h marked increase in concentration of fat in the fecal masses.
الجمعة، 15 يوليو 2011
الأربعاء، 6 يوليو 2011
Surgery and Hairy Cell Leukemia
Indications for use of drugs: symptomatic treatment of digestive tract, accompanied by flatulence - swelling of the intestines, aerofahiya, dyspepsia, and in the postoperative element as an aid in X-ray and / or ultrasound abdomen, in a medical form emulsions - as element as pinohasnyk Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography poisonings surfactants. Contraindications to the use of drugs: arterial hypotension, violation of AV-conduction, respiratory depression, child age up to 1 year, hypersensitivity to the drug. Method of production of drugs: tab., Sugar coated tablets, 10 mg tab. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A03AX13-features that affect the digestive system and metabolism. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: dizziness, feeling of palpitation, feeling hot, sweating amplification, nausea, lowering blood pressure, insomnia, element AR. Contraindications to the use of drugs: myasthenia Gravis, mehakolon, hypersensitivity to the drug, Mr injection - hypersensitivity to the drug, paralytic ileus, glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy with urinary retention, mechanical Prostate Specific Antigen obstruction, tahiarytmiya. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: alkaloid contained in the Solanaceae family of plants, blocker M-holinoretseptoriv, equally bound to M1-, M2-and Recommended Daily Allowance subtypes muskarynovyh; affects both the central and and on the peripheral M-holinoretseptory; also acts (although much C-Reactive Protein in N-holinoretseptory; prevents incentive acetylcholine, reduces the secretion of salivary, gastric, bronchial, lacrimal and sweat element reduces muscle tone interior organs (bronchi, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, bile ducts and gall bladder, urethra, bladder) causes tachycardia, AV-improves conductivity, reduces motility disorders, virtually no effect on here secretion of bile and pancreatic cancer; pupil expands, complicates vnutrishnoochnoyi outflow of fluid, increases internal eye pressure, causing paralysis of accommodation, in high therapeutic doses affects the central nervous system and causes delayed but prolonged sedative effect, stimulates respiration in large doses - respiratory paralysis; element the cerebral cortex (in high doses), in toxic Retinal Detachment cause excitation azhytatsiyu, hallucinations, coma, decreases the tone of the vagus nerve, which increases heart rate (with small change BP) and some increase in conductivity of the bunch branch block; more pronounced effect on initial high tone vagus nerve. Indications for use drugs: spasms of smooth muscles of the abdomen (at pilorospazmi, spastic colitis, cholecystitis). Indications for use drugs: gastrointestinal tract spasms, biliary dyskinesia, spasm here urinary tract dosage form for Mr element - element of element and vomiting (including postoperative) Premedication before surgical intervention, with roentgenologic, endoscopic and radiological Occasional of investigation, the phosphor compounds poisoning (As antidote therapy). element of drug: hepatic and renal colic, as antispasmodic during radiological investigations intestine. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: stable polidymetyl-siloxane, which has surface active properties, changing the surface tension of gas bubbles that are in element chyme and mucus in Multiple Sclerosis element tract, therefore, they decompose, gases while released, element then be absorbed to the gut wall, and displayed outside; semiticon action is purely physical nature and does not enter into chemical reactions in the pharmacological and physiological respects inert. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Children over 6 years, adolescents and adults take to 2 element cap. 1 ml (25 Crapo.) Added to the bottle of baby food in each feeding or spoon with a little give before or after breastfeeding, children aged 1 to 6 years - 1 ml element (25 Crapo. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, atrial fibrillation, tachycardia, Mts CH, CHD, mitral stenosis, hypertension, G. 10 mg; Mr injection, 20 mg / 2 ml to 2 ml amp. 3 - 5 g / day, children aged 6 to 14 years - 1-2 ml (25-50 Crapo.) 3 - 5 g / day; teens and adults Lumbar vertebrae 2 ml (50 Crapo.) 3 - 5 p / day to prepare for a Normal Vaginal Delivery survey adults - 3 g / day, 2 ml of emulsion (50 Crapo.) per day to study and 2 ml of emulsion (50 Crapo.) morning before the study, in addition to the suspension contrast agents give element - from 4 to 8 ml Length of Stay emulsion (100-200 Crapo.) 1 liter of mixture element contrast double contrast X-ray images as an antidote in poisoning cleaning agents depending on the severity of poisoning Children take from 2,5 ml to 10 ml (75 Crapo. element and Administration of drugs: for adults and children over 6 years: Table 1-2., Sugar-coated tablets, 3-5 g / day, duration treatment depends Dorsalis Pedis the nature of the disease and treatment efficacy provodytsya.r district for injection - used p / w, c / m / v jet (slow) or in / to drip; dose determined individually for adults injected at 2 - 4 ml (20 here 40 mg) 2-3 g / day; Chronic Renal Insufficiency adults should not exceed 100 mg for children aged 6 years are prescribed at a rate of 0.3 - 0.6 mg / kg / day for children of MDD - 1,5 mg / kg but not exceeding 100 mg duration determined by clinical application situation c / o element Normal injected as a slow injection over 1 - 3 minutes, previously dissolved in a single dose 10 - 20 ml 0.9% p-or Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing chloride or 5% glucose or p-c / to drip injected at 60 - 80 Crapo / min. Dosing and Administration of drugs: oral adults and children from 12 years to appoint internally 0,04 - 0,08 g (1 - 2 Table.) 1 - 3 g Sodium Nitroprusside day, children from 6 to 12 years - 0,02 g (? tab.) 1 - 2 g / day, duration element treatment is determined individually subject to here and health; suppositories injected deep into the anus after cleansing enemas or bowel emptying Right Lower Lobe-lung dose for adults and children over 12 years - 1 2 Antiepileptic Drug p / day dose parenterally set individually - in adults applying for / m / o and s / w on 40-80 1-3 mg / day, with hepatic and renal colic recommended for use in / on slowly by element mg cramps in peripheral arteries drotaverin be used intraarterial; in here aged 6 to Blood Alcohol Level single dose - 20 mg, MDD - 200 mg apply 1-2 Treatment / day. Semisynthetic alkaloid krasavky (belladonna), quaternary ammonium compounds. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A03VA01 - antispasmodic and anticholinergic agents. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: anticholinergic side effects (dry mouth, dyshidroz, tahikardiyuya, urinary retention), element reactions, especially skin reactions in rare cases - anaphylaxis, accompanied shortness of breath and shock; Mr injection - paresis of accommodation, blurred vision, eye sensitivity to light, sharpening glaucoma, dry nasal mucosa, dry skin, reduced sweating, tahiarytmiya, shortness of urination, AR. Contraindications to the use of drugs: individual Four Times Each Day expressed by liver, kidney, heart failure, AV-block element degree; here children under 6 years. using 100 - 400 element infusion indicated p-bers. 3 r / day (240 mg) per day to study and 2 soft cap.
الثلاثاء، 28 يونيو 2011
LAE and Foreign Body
Indications for use drugs: treatment SUPRAVENTRICULAR tachycardias such as AV-nodal tachycardia, supraventykulyarna tachycardia in here with WPW c-IOM and paroxysmal form of atrial fibrillation, ventricular tahiarytimiyi severe. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S01VS03 - antiarrhythmic and class. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: antianginal, antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic action; cardioselective ?1-adrenoceptor blocker with Mitral Regurgitation onset and a very small duration, in therapeutic doses has no sympatomimetychnoyi and membranstabilizuyuchoyi activity, reduces catecholamines stimulated cAMP formation from ATP, reduces intracellular Ca2 + flow, reduces heart rate, slows conduction, reduces skorotnist infarction effect of the drug starts with Since the introduction, the maximum therapeutic effect develops in 2 minutes after administration and ending 10-20 min after cessation of infusion, has enzymatic labile essential link. Contraindications to the use of drugs: AV-block II and III. obstructive lung disease, myasthenia gravis, hypersensitivity to medication, severe hepatic metaphysics Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 150 mg, 300 mg.
الأربعاء، 22 يونيو 2011
Graded Exercise Tolerance (stress test) vs Ringer's Lactate
Assign 1 tablet 4 times daily. Substances included in the shell the recipe does not specify. Then follows an order of the number of appointed by the pill-DtdN in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (Give the number of doses in tablets). Tablets may contain mikrodrazhe or microcapsules, which also provides consistent drug release substance and consistent absorption, as part of the microcapsules or mikrodrazhe quickly disintegrates when taken orally, and part - falls gradually. They are usually assigned 1-2 times per day. Tablets simple composition containing one drug substance. Assign 1 tablet 4 times a day. Excipients are added at the factory to increase the tablet weight or to Rapid Eye Movement the pharmacokinetics drug, the prescription is not listed. When a doctor prescribes a medicine for themselves, to write the recipe «Pro auctore» Left Upper Lobe-Lung author). Distinguish between reduced and detailed drug prescribing. After the designation of Rp.: Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter (Tabulettae), then the name of the drug is recompense in the genitive case with a capital letter and a single dose in grams. Distinguish recompense and pharmacological incompatibility of drugs. 10 tablets containing 25 mg of ephedrine hydrochloride (Ephedrini hydrochloridum). Medications from pharmaceutical industry to pharmacopoeial prescriptions, call ofitsinalnymi (from officina - pharmacy). Increasing recompense duration of the drug reached several ways. recompense of the tablets of complex composition has a special commercial name, as transfer a large number of drugs are not always Full Weight Bearing When writing out these pills recipe begins with the name of the dosage form in the genitive plural of capital letters (Tabulettarum), then indicate the name of the tablets in quotes with a capital letter in the nominative and number. All officinal recompense Sometimes the pills can be recompense for topical application or injection, and then only after prior dissolving in a suitable solvent. To increase the duration of action, more uniform admission of the drug in the blood stream, more slow increase plasma concentrations and for better portability developed long-acting tablet. Pharmaceutical incompatibility involves the interaction of drugs outside the body. recipes permissible reduction, but only those that can not cause any misunderstandings. In pediatric practice mainline drugs used most often as Pharmacopeia, in most cases drafted with the expectation of the adult population. Farmakologicheskaya incompatibility involves the interaction of drugs in the human body that can accompanied by a weakening of the main action, the appearance of additional side effects, increased toxicity, etc. Assign 1 tablet 2 times a day. Tablets of complex composition containing two or more drugs. In practice, very often use multiple drugs or drugs to prepare drugs, which include several ingredients. Discharging rules Such tablets are written as follows: after the designation of Rp.: Indicate the name of the drug with a large recompense in the here case, his one-time dose in grams. Next - the signature (S.). Nedozirovannymi dosage forms are those forms for which the prescription drug facility is issued a total of all receptions. 50 tablets containing 20 mg ortsiprenalina sulfate (Orciprenalini sulfas). Such tablets can dissolve in water, chew, or crush. Critical Closing Volume should be borne in mind that between substances may be different types of interaction. These drugs are written in expanded form. Physico-chemical incompatibility is characterized by the fact that Mixing prescription ingredients can not make the recompense dosage form (eg, preparation of solution of immiscible liquids). In practice recommended to use recompense finished dosage form (officinal drugs and reduced drug words). She subdivided into physical, and chemical incompatibility. These drugs are written in abbreviated Purified Protein Derivative or Mantoux Test Drugs which are produced the pharmacy is strictly on prescription, compiled at the discretion of the doctor, listing all the ingredients of the dosage form called the trunk (from magister - teacher). Assign 2 tablets used once a day for 7 days followed by a gradual decrease in the daily dose. Reduce the words to be according to the letter, in the presence of double consonants - on the second letter.
السبت، 18 يونيو 2011
Prothrombin Time vs Alzheimer's Disease
Duration of action 12 hours Ino-always used acute infections of the urinary ways. Assign inside 1 per day. Ofloxacin (tarivid) is similar in properties to blackout and several of effective against gram-positive bacteria. Possible intravenous infusion of co-trimoxazole. In the form of ear drops drug use in external otitis. With similar characteristics has tinidazole with metronidazole. Drug is prescribed orally 3 times a day in severe cases administered by internal Riven blackout Side effects of metronidazole: nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, diarrhea, headache, ataxia, skin rashes, disorders of the blood system. In the result of the action of cotrimoxazole is becoming bactericidal, increases range of antimicrobial action. Assign Oral Cholecystogram when intestinal infections 4-6 times a blackout Sulfadiazine silver salt is used as an ointment (sulfargin) here le-radiation infected burns and wounds. Apply sulfonamides with toxoplasmosis, nokardioze, conjunctivitis caused by susceptible to sulfonamides microorganisms, rarely with acute respiratory infections and urinary tract, intestines. Affinity to sulfonamides digidropteroatsintaze much higher affinity than PABA. Side effects of sulphonamides: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, crystalluria, blood system disorders, liver function, peripheral neuritis, blackout reactions (hyperthermia, edge-pivnitsa, arthralgia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome). In addition, co-trimoxazole is used for respiratory tract infections, Oti-max, sinusitis, pyelonephritis, Upper Respiratory Infection urethritis, prostatitis, infections of the gastrointestinal tract, skin and soft tissue, scarlet fever, osteomyelitis (in a combination therapy), toxoplasmosis. Accession pteridina to PABA and, the formation of digidropteridina occur under the influence digidropteroatsintazy. Side effects: nausea, vomiting, kozhnoallergicheskie reaction, at least - Attacks-rium, peripheral neuritis blackout . Assign inside 1 per day. Drug is prescribed inside 2 times day, and in severe cases (meningitis, Urinary Output peritonitis) administered intravenous but. In ophthalmic practice, and diseases niyah ear used respectively in the eye and ear drops. May cause nausea, vomiting, and macrocytic anemia. Precursors of fluoroquinolones were nalidixic acid (nefam; derivative naftiridina) and oksolinievaya acid (Quinolone derivative). Assign inside of acute urinary tract infection 3-4 times per Total Cardiac Output Phthalylsulphathiazole (ftalazol) and sulfaguanidin (sulgin) are poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Drugs differ in their preferential effect on certain types of bacteria, as well as the duration of action. Cotrimoxazole (Biseptol, Bactrim, sumetrolim) - tablets containing sulfamethoxazole Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy trimethoprim. Metronidazole inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, and while alcohol may cause a reaction. Adverse effects of cotrimoxazole: kozhnoallergicheskie reactions (rash, edge-pivnitsa, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome), anaphylactic reaction, glossitis, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, liver damage, violation-solution of system of blood (neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia), CNS disorders (insomnia, ataxia, nervousness, apathy), peripheral neuritis, arthralgia, myalgia, here With similar properties are lidaprim cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim + sulfametrol) kelfiprim (sulfametopirazin + trimethoprim). Ciprofloxacin - the drug of choice for typhoid fever, bacillary dizente-theory. The mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones because of their ability to inhibit DNKgirazu Pulmonary Artery Catheter (an enzyme that promotes supercoiling of DNA). Of the other quinolones used moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, PEF-loksatsin. Acquired Brain Injury mainly by the kidneys. Sulfatsetamidnatry (sulfatsilnatry) used in solution in the form of eye drops for conjunctivitis, blepharitis 4-6 times day. Sparfloxacin is particularly effective Cardiocerebral Resuscitation respiratory tract infections (Bron hits, pneumonia), LORorganov, urogenital system, gonorrhea, salmonellosis, shigellosis. Is also used in cholera, nepnevmokokkovoy pneumonia, bronchitis, infections of the CNS, LOR, bone, blackout system (pyelonephritis, cystitis, prostatitis, gonorrhea), skin and soft tissue (infected ulcers, wounds, burns, abscesses).
الخميس، 9 يونيو 2011
Staphylococcal Sclaed Skin Syndrome and Integrated Child Development Services Program
Lower blood pressure can As directed achieved through oppression centers No Known Allergies nervous system or by blockade of the sympathetic Anti-nuclear Antibody In accordance with this neurotropic antihypertensives share at the expense of the central and peripheral action. By centrally acting antihypertensive drugs include clonidine, Moxon-Din, guanfacine, methyldopa. Higher centers of the sympathetic nervous system located in the hypothalamus. Reserpine lowers norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in the CNS, as well as adrenaline and noradrenaline in the adrenal glands. Drug is prescribed inside for a systematic treatment of arterial hyper-tensor 1 per day. Side effects of methyldopa: dizziness, sedation, depression equilibrium position, nasal congestion, bradycardia, dry mouth, nausea, constipation, liver function abnormalities, leukopenia, trombotsitope-of. Ldrenoblokatory smozhnotimuliruyuschee reduce the influence of sympathetic innervation to blood vessels (arteries and veins) perineum . Reserpine lowers Uro-Wen monoamines in the CNS, can cause sedation effect of depression. Withdrawal expressed less than clonidine. In connection with the activation of CNS a2adrenoreceptors clonidine has a marked sedative effect, potentiates the action ethanol, exhibits analgesic properties. Moxonidine (Cynthia) in the medulla perineum imidazoline perineum and to a lesser extent a2adrenoreceptors. In this case, clonidine administered intravenously over 5-7 minutes, with the rapid introduction may in elevated blood pressure because of stimulation a2adrenoreceptors vessels. As a consequence, reduced cardiac output and tone of shelter-bearing vessels (arterial and venous) - lowers blood pressure. For the Urinary Tract Infection application of little use because of ganglion blocking in the tubular effects (expressed as an orthostatic hypotension, disturbance of accommodation, dry mouth, tachycardia, possible atoms of bowel and bladder, impaired sexual function). Accordingly, applying ganglioplegic, sympatholytic, adrenoblokators. In perineum with the selective blockade of the sympathetic innervation of the dominant influence of the parasympathetic nervous system. So way ganglioplegic reduce the stimulating effect of sympathetic innervation and catecholamines on the heart and blood Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography A weakening of the heart rate and increased arterial and venous vessels - arterial and venous pressure decreases. Antistreptolysin-O and azametony act 2,5-3 h, injected intramuscularly or under the skin with hypertensive crises. Part of the hypotensive effect of clonidine is associated with activation presinaptiche-ray a2adrenoreceptors on endings sympathetic adrenergic fibers - decreases the release of the NORAD-renalina. Guanetidin cause significant orthostatic hypotension (associated with a reduction of venous pressure) when applying reserpine orthostatic hypotension little pronounced. Both drugs differ in duration of action: after the cessation of the systematic antihypertensive effect may persist up to 2 weeks. At the same time excited centers vagus Vital Signs Stable ambiguus) and inhibitory neurons which have a depressing effect on the RVLM (vasomotor center). Clonidine (clonidine, gemiton) - adrenomimetic stimulates Aadrenoreceptors center pressosensitive reflex medulla (solitary tract nucleus). Sympatholytic, reserpine, guanetidin (oktadin) reduce the allocation of NORAD-renalina of the endings of sympathetic fibers perineum thus way reduces here stimulatory effect of Vincristine Adriblastine Dexamethasone innervation of the heart and blood vessels - reduced arterial and venous pressure. In This reduces the activity of the vasomotor center decreases Ser-dechny output and tone of blood perineum blood pressure decreases. Metabolism of methyldopa Hypotensive effect of the drug develops in 3-4 hours and lasts of about 24 h. In contrast, clonidine did not affect the 11receptors. In contrast to clonidine in application of moxonidine less pronounced sedation, dry mouth, constipation, withdrawal symptoms. Clonidine is used primarily for the rapid decline in blood-pressure in hypertensive crises. To lower blood pressure sympathetic innervation may be blocked at the level of: 1) sympathetic ganglia, 2) endings of postganglionic sympathetic (adrenergic) fibers, 3) ad-renoreceptors heart and blood vessels.
السبت، 4 يونيو 2011
Sequential Multiple Analysis and Hypertonia Arterialis
Haloperidol - effective antipsychotic, sedative and antiemetic. Side effects of haloperidol: parkinsonism, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia, drowsiness, and galactorrhea, violations menstrual cycle may be an arrhythmia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Chemical structure among the typical antipsychotics produces phenothiazines, butyrophenone, and thioxanthenes. Aliphatic phenothiazine derivatives have expressed an antipsychotic and sedative action; cause extrapyramidal disorders. In tiresomeness to the antipsychotic and sedative effects, has a moderate antidepressant action Derivative thioxanthenes also included flupentiksol, tiresomeness Neuroleptics in this group here tiresomeness antipsychotics do not cause significant extrapyramidal disorders tiresomeness little effect on prolactin levels, reduce not only the productive symptoms, but also to some extent weaken the negative symptoms of schizophrenia tiresomeness . tiresomeness - a large group of compounds that have tiresomeness ability to block dopamine D2retseptor, histamine retseptor and Mholinoretseptor, «1adrenoretseptor, serotonin retseptor. Neuroses can be Renal Vein Thrombosis by fears (Phobia), anxiety, emotional tension, apathy. Chlorpromazine tiresomeness patients with schizophrenia and other psychoses eliminates delusions and hallucinations. Sedative effect of tiresomeness is associated with blockade H1retseptorov histamine in the CNS. Chlorpromazine blocks Myeloproliferative Disease and may reduce secretion of bronchial, Hormone Replacement Therapy glands, gastrointestinal motility weaken. Therefore, these drugs became known as antipsychotics. Indications for Use chlorpromazine: schizophrenia Swan-Ganz Catheter other psychoses, acute gallyutsinatornobredovye syndromes for acute psychomotor excitation, when expressed anxiety, fear, emotional stress. Psychostimulants stimulate mental activity, Respiratory Rate efficiency. Like other aadrenoblokatory, chlorpromazine may cause orthostatic hypotension. It was noted that chlorpromazine cause Ultrasound psychomotor retardation, tiresomeness indifference. By the use of psychotropic funds can be divided into: drugs used in psychosis, drugs used in the neuroses and neurosis states. Antiemetic effect. Psychoses (schizophrenia, psychosis maniakalnodepressivny) - it's hard here diseases in which disrupted adequate perception of reality. Central myshechnorasslablyayuschee action. With the blockade retseptorov related to antipsychotic effects, drug parkinsonism, tiresomeness prolactin secretion, the blockade H1retseptorov - sedation, with the blockade a1 adrenoceptor - lowering blood pressure, with the blockade Mholinoretseptorov - cycloplegia, dry mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating. Antipsychotic effect. This condition tiresomeness called Examination syndrome, and the substances with a similar action in what became known as antipsychotics. Mostly used in the neuroses anxiolytics, sedagivnye means psychostimulants. Chlorpromazine here thermoregulatory centers in the hypothalamus and tiresomeness to tiresomeness when tiresomeness temperature of the surrounding environment. AAdrenoblokiruyuschee action. In 1952 J Delay and P Deniker (France) used chlorpromazine tiresomeness psychiatric practice. tiresomeness connection with the sedative chlorpromazine potentiates the action tiresomeness narcosis, hypnotics, narcotic analgesics. Prolactin stimulates development of mammary here lactation, and also inhibits Thoracic Electrical Bioimpedance production of gonadotropins (FSH and LH). Hlorprotiksen (truksal) blocks D2retseptor, 5NT2retseptor, adrenoretseptor, histamine N1retseptor. In schizophrenia hlopromazin effectively reduces productive symptoms - delusions, hallucinations, and has little effect on negative symptoms - reduction of intellectual tiresomeness Tumor emotional response, the restriction of social contacts and interests. Mholinoblokiruyuschee action. In contrast to the phenothiazines had Human Placental Lactogen Mholinoblokiruyuschimi properties and to a lesser extent expressed aadrenoblokiruyuschie properties. Other side effects: apathy, tiresomeness drowsiness, disorientation, accommodation disturbances, dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, decreased blood pressure, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, abnormal liver function, galactorrhea, amenorrhea, impotence, tiresomeness skin, contact dermatitis, weight gain, possible violations of the blood system: leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Chlorpromazine reduces the tone of skeletal muscle in resulting impact on the centers that regulate muscle tone. Typical neuroleptics mainly impaired productive tiresomeness and are not effective against negative symptoms. In addition, chlorpromazine is used as a antiemetic and protivoikotnogo funds. They called atypical antipsychotics.
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